Greece

Visão geral da economia e do setor

Greece is a high-income eurozone member with a service-dominated economy in which tourism contributes approximately 13–20% of GDP and shipping underpins a globally significant maritime sector, with Greek owners controlling the world's largest commercial fleet by tonnage. Following the sovereign-debt crisis of 2010–2018, Greece returned to investment-grade credit ratings and recorded GDP growth well above the eurozone average, with 2.1% real growth projected for 2025 and a nominal GDP of approximately USD 280 billion. The Athens stock exchange is heavily weighted toward the four systemic banks, public utilities, and energy companies, with financial services, energy, gaming, and telecoms comprising the bulk of listed market capitalisation. Both FTSE Russell and S&P Dow Jones Indices placed Greece under review in 2025 for potential reclassification from emerging-market to developed-market status, a process that would affect the composition of major index-tracking funds.

Setores-chave

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Macro

PIB nominal, USD	$280.28B
Crescimento do PIB real, anual	2.1%
Inflação anual	2.5%
População pessoas	10.4M
PIB per capita USD	$26,950
Capitalização de mercado total cotado, USD	$135.00B
Cap. de mercado / PIB	48.2%
Desemprego	8.5%
Empresas listadas	172
Bolsa	Euronext Athens (formerly Athens Stock Exchange / ATHEX) (ATSE_FLAG)

Ano dos dados: 2025. Fontes: IMF Article IV Consultation Greece 2025 (Country Report 25/85), IMF Staff Concluding Statement Greece January 2025 - real GDP growth 2.1%, companiesmarketcap.com - Top Greek companies by market cap (accessed 2026), stockanalysis.com - GREK ETF holdings and expense ratio, Global X MSCI Greece ETF (GREK) fund page - globalxetfs.com, etf.com - GREK performance and AUM 2025, Wikipedia - Athens Stock Exchange / FTSE Athex Large Cap, Euronext Athens exchange website, The National Herald - Greece unemployment 8.6% October 2025, Saxo A/S Support - Why am I unable to trade Greek shares, citizenremote.com / globalcitizensolutions.com - Greece Golden Visa 2025-2026 rules, US State Department 2025 Investment Climate Statement Greece, blackinvestor360.com - Greece Major Industries 2025, Nasdaq.com - NBGRY, BPIRY, HLTOY, MOHCY listings, Yahoo Finance - EGFEY, ALBKY, GOFPY tickers, Worldometers GDP/population estimates (est.), Macrotrends.net GDP data (est.).

Bolsa local e acesso

Bolsa	Euronext Athens (formerly Athens Stock Exchange / ATHEX)
Código	ATSE_FLAG
Site	athens.euronext.com
Moeda	EUR

Acesso por corretoras locais

Interactive Brokers (IBKR) offers direct access to Euronext Athens for non-Greek clients and is consistently rated the top international broker for trading Greek shares. Saxo Bank does not support the creation of new SAT (Dematerialised Securities System) accounts required for direct share settlement on ATHEX, though Saxo clients can trade CFDs on Greek shares. Euronext-member Greek brokers including Eurobank Equities, Alpha Finance, National Securities (NBG subsidiary), and Piraeus Securities serve both domestic and foreign clients; accounts can typically be opened remotely with KYC documentation. Foreigners can alternatively gain exposure via ADRs and OTC-traded instruments on US markets without needing a SAT account. The exchange operates under EU MiFID II regulation, and all standard EU investor protections apply.

Corretoras globais com acesso a mercados estrangeiros

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

Listado apenas por conveniência — não constitui recomendação. Mercados disponíveis, taxas e regras de cadastro variam por corretora e pelo seu país de residência.

Relocalização e residência

Acesso para investidores estrangeiros

Greece imposes no restrictions on foreign ownership of publicly listed equities on Euronext Athens. Foreign investors can hold shares outright, though EU Transparency Directive rules require disclosure of significant shareholdings crossing 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 50%, and 75% thresholds. To hold shares directly on the Athens exchange, investors must open a Securities Account (Dematerialised Securities System / SAT account) through a licensed Greek broker or custodian bank. Foreign residents and non-residents can open SAT accounts through member brokers of Euronext Athens such as Eurobank Equities, Alpha Finance, Piraeus Securities, and National Securities. Documentation typically required includes passport, proof of tax residency, and source-of-funds information per EU AML rules. Non-EU investors face no sectoral restrictions on listed equities, though some regulated sectors (banking, telecoms, defence) have statutory caps on non-EU ownership that may apply at the subsidiary level.