Thailand

Gambaran umum ekonomi & industri

Thailand is an upper-middle-income, export-oriented economy in Southeast Asia with a nominal GDP of approximately USD 577 billion in 2025, placing it among the top three economies in ASEAN. The economy's principal pillars are manufacturing and exports (electronics, automotive components, rubber products), tourism, agriculture (rice, sugar, seafood), and a growing petrochemical and energy sector anchored by the state-owned PTT Group. Real GDP growth was approximately 2.1% in 2025, held back by soft external demand and the impact of U.S. tariffs on Thai exports, while inflation was marginally negative due to energy subsidies and weak domestic demand. The Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) had 638 domestic listed companies with an aggregate market capitalization of approximately USD 506 billion as of end-2025, making it the third-largest bourse in ASEAN. The electronics sector has grown in prominence, with Delta Electronics (Thailand) surpassing the energy majors to become the largest company on the SET by market cap.

Sektor utama

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Makro

GDP nominal, USD	$577.00B
Pertumbuhan GDP riil, tahunan	2.1%
Inflasi tahunan	-0.1%
Populasi orang	71.6M
GDP per kapita USD	$8,057
Kapitalisasi pasar total tercatat, USD	$505.78B
Kapitalisasi pasar / GDP	87.7%
Pengangguran	1.0%
Perusahaan terdaftar	638
Bursa	Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET)

Tahun data: 2025. Sumber: IMF World Economic Outlook April 2026 (datamapper.imf.org), IMF Article IV Consultation Thailand 2025 (imf.org, Feb 2026), Stock Exchange of Thailand official statistics (set.or.th), companiesmarketcap.com Thailand data (accessed June 2026), iShares THD ETF fact sheet (ishares.com, March 2026), iShares EEMA ETF product page (ishares.com), topforeignstocks.com Thailand ADRs list (accessed June 2026), Worldometer Thailand GDP 2026, GlobalCitizenSolutions.com LTR Visa Thailand guide 2025, investasian.com How to Trade Thai Stocks foreigner guide, BrokerChooser Thailand broker rankings 2026, Wikipedia Stock Exchange of Thailand, OECD Capital Market Review of Thailand 2025, Nation Thailand economic news 2025-2026 (est. noted where applicable).

Bursa lokal & akses

Bursa	Stock Exchange of Thailand
Kode	SET
Situs web	www.set.or.th
Mata uang	THB

Akses broker lokal

Interactive Brokers offers direct access to the SET for both Thai residents and eligible non-residents, with competitive commissions and NVDR trading capability. Saxo Bank (via its Singapore and Hong Kong entities) also provides SET access. Local Thai brokers such as Kasikorn Securities, Bualuang Securities (Bangkok Bank), Phillip Securities Thailand, and Yuanta Securities offer direct SET accounts; foreigners with qualifying long-term visas can open accounts in person by presenting passport and visa documentation. Most local brokers require a face-to-face account opening process in Thailand. Non-resident foreigners without a Thai long-term visa typically cannot open a local brokerage account and must use an offshore broker.

Broker global dengan akses pasar asing

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

Dicantumkan hanya untuk kemudahan — bukan rekomendasi. Pasar yang tersedia, biaya, dan aturan pendaftaran berbeda berdasarkan broker dan negara tempat tinggal Anda.

Relokasi & residensi

Akses investor asing

Thailand imposes foreign ownership limits on most SET-listed companies, typically capping foreign shareholding at 49% (lower for certain sectors such as banking, media, and aviation). To enable foreign participation beyond these limits, the Stock Exchange of Thailand introduced Non-Voting Depository Receipts (NVDRs), which carry the same economic rights (dividends, capital gains) as underlying shares but do not carry voting rights. Foreign investors can purchase NVDRs without being subject to the foreign-ownership cap. A foreign resident wishing to open a local Thai brokerage account generally requires a long-term visa (such as a work permit, retirement visa, or LTR visa); tourists on short-stay visas are typically ineligible. Foreigners may also access the SET through international brokers based in Hong Kong or Singapore, though at higher cost.