Mexico

Economy & industry overview

Mexico is the second-largest economy in Latin America, with a nominal GDP of approximately $1.85 trillion in 2025, driven heavily by its manufacturing and export sector, which accounts for around 90% of merchandise exports. The country has deep trade integration with the United States under the USMCA trade agreement, with the US receiving roughly 80% of Mexico's exports; automotive manufacturing alone contributes 4–5% of GDP and generated over $104 billion in vehicle exports. The financial services, retail, mining, and beverages sectors are also significant contributors to domestic economic activity and to BMV market capitalization. Real GDP growth slowed to 1.0% in 2025, constrained by fiscal consolidation, restrictive monetary policy, and elevated trade uncertainty stemming from US tariff policy. Crude oil production has declined to historic lows of around 1.6 million barrels per day, reducing the petroleum sector's relative contribution to the economy compared with prior decades.

Key sectors

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Macro

GDP nominal, USD	$1.85T
GDP growth real, annual	1.0%
Inflation annual	3.8%
Population people	132.8M
GDP per capita USD	$13,740
Market cap total listed, USD	$460.00B
Market cap / GDP	24.9%
Listed companies	131
Exchange	Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV)

Data year: 2025. Sources: IMF 2025 Article IV Consultation – Mexico (October 2025), World Bank GDP and Market Cap Data (data.worldbank.org), IMF DataMapper Mexico profile, Worldometer Mexico GDP 2025, Statista Mexico GDP per capita 2025, companiesmarketcap.com – Largest Mexican companies by market cap, BMV 9M 2025 Investor Relations Presentation (BOLSAA 3Q25), iShares EWW Fact Sheet (March 2026 via ishares.com), iShares ILF Fact Sheet (March 2026 via ishares.com), topforeignstocks.com – Full list of Mexican ADRs, brokerchooser.com – Interactive Brokers and Saxo Mexican stock access, mexlaw.com – Foreign investment restrictions, Baker McKenzie Cross-Border Listings Guide – BMV Overview, Dallas Fed Mexico Economic Update 2026, prodensa.com – Mexico manufacturing export data 2025, Statista Mexico population 2025, Worldometer Mexico population 2025, high-net-worth-immigration.com – Mexico residency by investment 2026, mexperience.com – Financial criteria for Mexico residency 2026.

Local exchange & access

Exchange	Bolsa Mexicana de Valores
Code	BMV
Website	www.bmv.com.mx
Currency	MXN

Local broker access

Interactive Brokers is one of the most accessible global brokers offering direct trading access to the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV); Mexican residents can fund accounts via local SPEI bank transfers in MXN with no minimum deposit requirement. Saxo Bank does not currently offer direct access to BMV-listed equities. Local Mexican casas de bolsa (licensed brokerage houses) such as GBM (Grupo Bursátil Mexicano), Actinver, and Inbursa Casa de Bolsa offer accounts to both Mexican residents and, in some cases, to foreign nationals; account opening requires standard KYC documentation (passport, proof of address, tax identification). Foreign nationals not resident in Mexico can typically access Mexican equities via US-listed ADRs or through international brokers with BMV connectivity. BIVA (Bolsa Institucional de Valores), Mexico's second exchange launched in 2018, is also accessible through many of the same brokers.

Global brokers with foreign-market access

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

Listed for convenience only — not a recommendation. Available markets, fees and onboarding rules differ by broker and by your country of residence.

Relocation & residency

Foreign-investor access

Foreign investors face few restrictions on purchasing equities listed on the BMV. Mexico's Foreign Investment Law permits foreigners to hold up to 100% of most Mexican corporations, with restrictions limited to specific strategic sectors (e.g., certain energy, national security, and transportation areas). There are no general foreign-ownership caps on publicly listed equities; however, individual company bylaws may impose percentage thresholds triggering disclosure requirements. Foreign residents or non-residents can open a brokerage account with a Mexican casa de bolsa (brokerage firm) by presenting a valid passport, proof of address, and completing KYC/AML procedures; some brokers also accept foreign accounts. Alternatively, foreigners may access BMV stocks through international brokers such as Interactive Brokers, which provides direct BMV market access.